Umme Asma Mridha1, Begum Nazmus Sama Shimu2, Mushfika Rahman Chowdhury3, Smita Roy4,
Md. Kamrul Husain Azad5, Shahinara Akter Saki6, Syeda Umme Fahmida Malik7
1. Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, North East Medical College, Sylhet.
2. Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, North East Medical College, Sylhet.
3. Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, North East Medical College, Sylhet.
4. Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, North East Medical College, Sylhet.
5. Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, North East Medical College, Sylhet.
6. Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, North East Medical College, Sylhet.
7. Professor& Head, Department of Biochemistry, North East Medical College, Sylhet.
Abstract
Evaluation of High-Risk Pregnancy During First Antenatal Checkup Abstract. The early identification of high-risk pregnancies is a fundamental component of antenatal care. The first antenatal examination is the opportunity to identify maternal and fetal risk factors that may have a negative impact on pregnancy outcomes. This was a descriptive study. Data were collected over duration of six months from January 2021 to July 2021. The sample population comprised people classified as high-risk pregnancies according to medical history or clinical assessment. A total of 66 high-risk pregnant women were enrolled in the study based on selection criteria, and their risk factors were assessed. Demographic information, medical history, and obstetric history were gathered. Blood pressure was assessed; physical and obstetric examinations were done. Laboratory tests encompassed routine blood tests to assess hemoglobin levels, random blood sugar (RBS), blood grouping and typing, HBsAg, and jaundice. Urine analysis was conducted. A pregnancy is classified as high risk if any of the following factors are present in women during their first trimester: age over 35 years, history of abortion, preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes (premature rupture of membrane), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), antepartum hemorrhage (APH), postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), retained placenta, stillbirth, cesarean section (C/S), hypertension (HTN), gestational diabetes mellitus (gestational diabetes mellitus), anemia, and positive HBsAg. The majority of the mothers were aged between 26-30 years followed by 21-25 years (p < 0.05) Approximately 54 mothers (81.82%) were under 35 years of age, while 12 mothers (18.18%) were above 35 years of age(p<0.05). The predominant blood group among patients was B+(30.30%), followed by O+ (18.18%) (p < 0.05) No significant differences were observed in the variations of para and gravid among the patients (p > 0.05) The variations in the mode of prior delivery exhibited no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) Significant risk factors included were gestational diabetes mellitus), and history of previous abortion. Additional risk factors were a history of premature rupture of membranes (premature rupture of membrane), a history of preterm labor, a history of intrauterine fetal death (intrauterine fetal death), a history of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), a history of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), a history of stillbirth, and a history of cesarean section (CS). The outcome of the findings was significant (p < 0.05) Blood and urine analyses indicated that anemia and oedema were observed in 32 (48.48%) and 6 (9.09%) cases, respectively. HBsAg was positive in 21.21% patients. Urinary protein and glucose were detected in 27.27% and 39.39% patients, respectively (p < 0.05) During the antenatal checkup. elevated levels of urinary sugar, urine protein and RBS considered as serious risk factors. The most common risk factors identified during the early prenatal checkup include hypertension, gestational diabetes, a history of history of intrauterine fetal death (IUFDs), and previous abortions.
Key Words: Antenatal, Pregnancy, Checkup, Risk, IUFD